Different paths to conception
In-Vitro Fertilisation (IVF) is a widely recognized method of assisted conception. This process begins with hormone treatments and injections designed to stimulate the ovaries, encouraging them to produce more eggs. Once the eggs are ready, they are retrieved and then fertilized with a sperm sample in a laboratory to create embryos. The final step involves transferring the embryos into the uterus, with the hope of achieving a successful pregnancy.
Intrauterine Insemination (IUI) is a procedure that aids natural conception by placing specially prepared sperm directly into the uterus. This technique boosts the chances of sperm reaching the fallopian tubes and fertilizing the mature egg. In some cases, medications and a trigger injection are used to stimulate the production of multiple eggs and to time their release accurately.
Ovulation Induction is a hormone treatment that uses oral medications such as Clomid or Letrozole to stimulate the ovaries to develop eggs and induce ovulation. This increases the chances of successful conception through timed intercourse. It can be used as a primary method or in conjunction with IUI, especially for women with irregular menstrual cycles or those who do not ovulate.
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a common hormonal condition that affects how the ovaries function. It can lead to irregular menstrual cycles, increased androgen (male hormone) levels, and the presence of multiple small follicles on the ovaries.
While PCOS can influence fertility, many women manage their symptoms successfully and conceive naturally or with medical support.
Causes
The exact cause of PCOS is not fully understood, but several factors are known to contribute:
- Hormonal imbalance: Higher-than-normal androgen levels may interfere with regular ovulation.
- Insulin resistance: Elevated insulin levels can increase androgen production and disrupt hormonal balance.
- Genetics: PCOS often runs in families, suggesting a hereditary link.
- Lifestyle factors: Weight, diet, and activity levels can influence hormone regulation and symptom severity.
Diagnosis
A PCOS diagnosis typically involves a combination of medical assessments:
- Medical history and symptoms: Discussion of menstrual patterns, weight changes, acne, or excess hair growth.
- Blood tests: To evaluate hormone levels and screen for related conditions.
- Ultrasound: To check for multiple small follicles (often referred to as “polycystic ovaries”).
- Physical examination: To assess signs such as skin changes or hair distribution.
Your doctor will consider all findings before confirming a diagnosis and recommending next steps.
Common Questions
Does PCOS always cause infertility?
No. Many women with PCOS conceive naturally. Others may benefit from ovulation support or assisted reproductive treatments.
Can PCOS increase miscarriage risk?
There may be a slightly higher risk, but with appropriate care—such as lifestyle adjustments and fertility management—many women have healthy pregnancies.
Is PCOS curable?
There is no cure, but symptoms can be effectively managed through a combination of medical treatment and lifestyle modification.
Can PCOS affect long-term health?
Yes. Without management, PCOS may increase the risk of insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, or cardiovascular issues.
Can weight management improve fertility?
Yes. Even a small reduction in weight can help restore hormonal balance and improve ovulation in some women.
Treatment Options
Treatment is tailored to each individual’s symptoms, health goals, and reproductive plans:
- Lifestyle adjustments: A balanced diet, regular exercise, and stress reduction can help regulate hormones.
- Medication: To manage symptoms such as irregular periods, acne, or excess hair growth.
- Ovulation induction: Medication to stimulate ovulation for women trying to conceive.
- Fertility treatments: Options such as IUI or IVF may be considered if conception does not occur naturally.
Your fertility specialist will recommend a plan that aligns with your needs and medical profile.
Supporting Your Fertility Journey
At GenPrime, we believe that managing PCOS goes beyond treating symptoms—it’s about empowering women with knowledge, care, and confidence.
Our approach combines medical expertise, compassionate guidance, and alignment with Singapore’s Ministry of Health (MOH) and Reproductive Technology Accreditation Committee (RTAC) standards. Whether you’re managing symptoms or planning for pregnancy, our specialists are here to support your goals.